How IMU Is Calculated
The calculation starts with property’s cadastral income (rendita catastale), a government-assigned value based on size, location, and type. The rendita castale is then revalued by a standard coefficient and multiplied by a category-specific coefficient. The municipal tax rate (aliquota), is expressed in amounts per thousands to the resulting taxable base.For a second residential home with €500 of cadastral income at a 10.6‰ (1.06%) rate, by way of example:
- Revalue cadastral income: €500 × 1.05 = €525
- Calculate taxable base: €525 × 160 = €84,000
- Apply the 10.6‰ rate: €84,000 × 0.0106 = €890.40 annually
So, the IMU tax would be €890.40 per year.
The tax is prorated by ownership months and percentage ownership (e.g., 50% for co-owners). Joint owners each need to pay their share of the IMU separately. For months of purchase or sale IMU is due for the whole month where you have owned the property for the greater part of the month. Payments are due in two installments: an advance by June 16 (based on prior-year rates) and balance by December 16 (adjusted for current rates). Late payments incur penalties, but voluntary corrections (ravvedimento operoso) reduce them. Pay via F24 form, PagoPA, postal bulletin, or direct debit to your personal Italian bank account. An IMU return must be filed but, in general only where there has been a change to the property itself (not simply a change of ownership) requiring land registry details to be updated. Rates are set by municipalities within national limits, leading to local variations. Professional advice is recommended to effect the calculation.Overview of Rates from 2019 Onwards
IMU rates have been relatively stable but saw a key change in 2020 when the TASI (services tax) was merged into IMU via the 2020 Budget Law (Law 160/2019). This increased the national basic rate for most properties. Municipalities can adjust within caps, but since 2020, they cannot go below the basic rate. In 2023, the Budget Law updated publication rules (rates no longer tacitly renewed; must be explicitly set or default to basic). In 2025, a “new simplified rate system” was introduced, maintaining the basic rate but streamlining application for consistency.
Below is a table summarizing the national basic rates and municipal ranges for second homes (the most common taxable category; primary residential property (and one appurtenance) may be exempt. Rates for other properties (e.g., commercial, land) may differ slightly. Actual rates may vary by location—e.g., higher in major cities like Rome or Milan.
For precise calculations or your specific property, consult a local tax advisor or your Comune.
There is a 50% IMU reduction applicable to non‑residents pensioner with a qualifying pension source.
| Year | National Basic Rate (per mille) | Municipal Range (per mille) | Key Changes/Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 7.6‰ (0.76%) | 4.6‰ to 10.6‰ | Pre-merger with TASI; municipalities had more flexibility to lower rates. IMU and TASI were separate taxes. |
| 2020 | 8.6‰ (0.86%) | 8.6‰ to 10.6‰ | TASI merged into IMU, raising basic rate (0.76% IMU + 0.1% TASI). No reductions below basic allowed. |
| 2021 | 8.6‰ (0.86%) | 8.6‰ to 10.6‰ | No major national changes; rates extended from 2020. |
| 2022 | 8.6‰ (0.86%) | 8.6‰ to 10.6‰ | Stable; some municipalities adjusted locally due to post-COVID recovery. |
| 2023 | 8.6‰ (0.86%) | 8.6‰ to 10.6‰ | Budget Law changed rate publication—must be explicit or default to prior year (or basic if none). |
| 2024 | 8.6‰ (0.86%) | 8.6‰ to 10.6‰ | Continued from prior years; focus on enforcement for non-residents. |
| 2025 | 8.6‰ (0.86%) | 8.6‰ to 10.6‰ | New simplified system fixes basic at 8.6‰ for uniformity; no rate increases beyond cap. |